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Fantasy
Fantasy is a genre of fiction that uses magic or other supernatural elements as a main plot element, theme, or setting. Many works within the genre take place in imaginary worlds where magic and magical creatures are common. Fantasy is generally distinguished from the genres of science fiction and horror by the expectation that it steers clear of scientific and macabre themes, respectively, though there is a great deal of overlap between the three, all of which are subgenres of speculative fiction.
In popular culture, the fantasy genre is predominantly of the medievalist form. In its broadest sense, however, fantasy comprises works by many writers, artists, filmmakers, and musicians, from ancient myths and legends to many recent and popular works.
Fantasy is studied in a number of disciplines including English and other language studies, cultural studies, comparative literature, history, and medieval studies. Work in this area ranges widely, from the structuralist theory of Tzvetan Todorov, which emphasizes the fantastic as a liminal space, to work on the connections (political, historical, literary) between medievalism and popular culture.〔Jane Tolmie, "Medievalism and the Fantasy Heroine", ''Journal of Gender Studies'', Vol. 15, No. 2 (July 2006), pp. 145–158. ISSN 0958-9236〕
==Traits of fantasy==
The identifying traits of fantasy are the inclusion of fantastic elements in a self-coherent (internally consistent) setting, where inspiration from mythology and folklore remains a consistent theme.〔John Grant and John Clute, ''The Encyclopedia of Fantasy'', "Fantasy", p 338 ISBN 0-312-19869-8〕 Within such a structure, any location of the fantastical element is possible: it may be hidden in, or leak into the apparently real world setting, it may draw the characters into a world with such elements, or it may occur entirely in a fantasy world setting, where such elements are part of the world.〔Jane Langton, "The Weak Place in the Cloth" p163-180, ''Fantasists on Fantasy'', ed. Robert H. Boyer and Kenneth J. Zahorski, ISBN 0-380-86553-X〕 Essentially, fantasy follows rules of its own making, allowing magic and other fantastic devices to be used and still be internally cohesive.〔Diana Waggoner, ''The Hills of Faraway: A Guide to Fantasy'', p 10, 0-689-10846-X〕
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